Abstract

This chapter reviews the most recent advancements on the topic of terrestrial and giant planet interiors, including solar system and extrasolar objects. Starting from an observed mass-radius diagram for known planets in the universe, we will discuss the various types of planets appearing in this diagram and describe internal structures for each type. The review will summarize the status of theoretical and experimental works performed in the field of equations of state (EOS) for materials relevant to planetary interiors and will address the main theoretical and experimental uncertainties and challenges. It will discuss the impact of new EOS on interior structures and bulk composition determination. We will discuss important dynamical processes that strongly impact the interior and evolutionary properties of planets (e.g., plate tectonics, semiconvection) and describe nonstandard models recently suggested for our giant planets. We will address the case of short-period, strongly irradiated exoplanets and critically analyze some of the physical mechanisms that have been suggested to explain their anomalously large radius.

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